Impendulo eqondile
Amanzi angcolile anosawoti omningi kanye namaphrojekthi ahlobene nokukhipha uketshezi oluyiziro agxilisa kokubili usawoti kanye nezingxenye eziningi ezincane eziyinkathazo. Ukubuyekezwa kolwelwesi oluwusizo kudinga ibhalansi ye-ion ephelele, izinto eziphilayo, i-silica, ubulukhuni, izinsimbi, i-pH, izinga lokushisa, okuqinile okumisiwe, ukuhlukahluka, umlando wokwelashwa kwangaphambili kanye nendima ehlosiwe yesinyathelo solwelwesi. Ama-Membrane angase asekele izigaba zokugxilisa ingqondo noma zokubuyiswa kwamanzi, kodwa awawona ZLD inqubo ephelele ngokwawo. Yuchen Water ihlinzeka ngezinto zokwakha ze-membrane kanye nokwesekwa kwemishini ehlobene ngaphandle kokuthembisa ukululama, ukuguquguquka, impilo yonke noma umphumela ZLD ophelile ngaphambi kokubuyekezwa konjiniyela.
Inkinga yomthengi okufanele ixazululwe
Igama elithi usawoti omningi lihlanganisa imifudlana eminingi yezimboni. Amanzi ezimayini, ukungcola okucutshungulwa ngamakhemikhali, ukwehla kwesistimu yokupholisa kanye nokugxila kwesinye isitshalo se-membrane kungaba nokuqhutshwa okufanayo kodwa izingozi ezihluke kakhulu zokukala nokungcolisa. Izingxenye zokulandelela zinganquma uma ukusakaza kugxilile.
Umthengi kufanele asho ukuthi yini eza ngaphambi nangemva kwesinyathelo se-membrane. Iphrojekthi ehlose ukunciphisa umthwalo we-evaporator ihlukile kokukhiqiza amanzi asebenzisekayo kabusha noma ukuhlukanisa ingxenye ebalulekile. Ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo edingekayo, okugxilwe kukho, okokusebenza komfula kanye nemikhawulo yokuphatha ichaza indima yolwelwesi.
Bika izidingo
Umbiko owusizo uhlanganisa idatha yaselabhorethri nengqikithi yokusebenza. Amanani kufanele ahlonze iphoyinti lesampula, amayunithi, usuku lokuhlolwa kanye nokuthi amele izimo ezivamile, eziyisisekelo noma eziphezulu. Lapho ukusakaza kushintsha nesizini noma umsebenzi wokukhiqiza, nikeza ububanzi esikhundleni senani elilodwa elikahle.
- ibhalansi ephelele ye-cation kanye ne-anion
- conductivity, TDS, ukuminyana, pH kanye nezinga lokushisa
- ubulukhuni, i-alkalinity, i-silica, i-sulfate, i-fluoride nezinye izingozi zesikali
- I-COD, i-TOC, uwoyela, ama-surfactants nezincibilikisi
- izinsimbi, okuqinile okumisiwe kanye nezinkomba ze-colloidal
- ukwakheka okujwayelekile nokuphezulu ngomlando wenqubo-yesehlakalo
- amakhemikhali okwelapha nawokuhlanza akhona
- indima efiselekayo ye-membrane kanye nemishini yokugxila ezansi nomfula
Ukuthi isigaba se-membrane sicatshangelwa kanjani
Isinqumo sesigaba kufanele sichaze ukuthi yini ulwelwesi okulindeleke ukuba luyigcine, yini engase idlule, iziphi izingozi okufanele zilawulwe phezulu nomfula kanye nokuthi inqubo yomfula idinga ini. Kufanele futhi ikhombe ukungaqiniseki kunokuguqula idatha engekho iyenze isimangalo somkhiqizo esiqinisekayo.
Isigaba solwelwesi olunosawoti omningi kufanele sihlolwe ngokumelene nengcindezi ye-osmotic, amandla esikali, ukuhambisana kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokubunjwa kwe-concentrate okulindelekile. NF ingacatshangelwa ukuhlukaniswa okukhethiwe kweminye imifudlana, kuyilapho izinto eziphathelene RO zingase zisekele ukuhlukaniswa okubanzi kwamanzi noma ukugxilisa ingqondo. Umngcele ofanelekile awukwazi ukutholwa ku-TDS iyodwa.
Njengoba ukugxilisa ingqondo kukhula, imikhawulo yokugcwala kanye nokuziphatha okungalungile kungashintsha ngokushesha. Idizayini ebonakala inengqondo kusuka kumanani okuphakelayo ingase ingafaneleki ekugcineni kwe-concentrate. Ibhalansi enkulu, i-speciation kanye nokuhlolwa okuhleliwe kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ngaphambi kokuba izincomo zempahla nokusebenza ziqine.
Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kanye nengqikithi yesisetshenziswa
Ukwelapha kusengaphambili kungase kugxile ezintweni eziqinile ezimisiwe, ukuqina, i-silica, izinsimbi, izinto eziphilayo, uwoyela, izinto ezixutshanisiwe noma umsebenzi webhayoloji. Ukuhlukaniswa kwemithombo nokulinganisa kunganciphisa ukushaqeka. Ukuthambisa, ukucacisa, UF, ikhabhoni ecushiwe, umthamo noma ezinye izinyathelo kucatshangelwa kuphela uma umbiko ukhomba ubungozi obuhambisanayo.
Ukuhlanza nokushaywa kwamanzi kufanele kuhlelwe ngokuhambisana namakhemikhali kanye nobungozi bemvula. Amaphampu, izindlu, izilawuli kanye nezinsimbi kufanele zihambisane nengcindezi, izinga lokushisa kanye nendawo yokugqwala. Ngakho-ke usekelo lwezisetshenziswa aluhlukaniseki ekubuyekezweni kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ngisho noma ukunikezwa okuyinhloko kwe-Yuchen Water kuwulwelwesi olubalulekile.
Amaphutha ajwayelekile
Lezi zinqamuleli zivame ukudala isicelo esingafanele noma zifihle ulwazi oludingwa ukubuyekezwa kobuchwepheshe:
- Ukuphatha i-conductivity njengokuhlaziywa okuphelele kosawoti omningi
- Ukubiza ingxenye ye-membrane ngenqubo ZLD ephelele
- Ukuziba ama-ion amancane ababa nomkhawulo ngemva kokugxilisa ingqondo
- Ukushicilela isithembiso sokuthola kabusha noma sokuguquguquka ngaphambi kokubuyekezwa kwebhalansi enkulu
Umngcele wokuhlinzekwa kwempahla kanye nokusekela
Yuchen Water ingancoma izigaba zolwelwesi futhi inikeze okokusebenza ngemva kokubuyekeza umbiko wokusakaza kanye nendima yenqubo ehlosiwe. Ukusekelwa kungabandakanya ukwelashwa kwangaphambili okuhambisanayo, izindlu, amaphampu, izilawuli, ingxoxo yokugunyazwa okukude kanye nokuhlelwa kokushintsha. Ayifaki isiqinisekiso esingafanelekile sohlelo oluphelele lwe-ZLD.
Lapho imvula, ukuchayeka kwencibilikiyo noma izinga lokushisa elingajwayelekile lidala ukungaqiniseki, kungase kudingeke omunye ilabhorethri noma umsebenzi wokuhlola. Iwebhusayithi isho ngamabomu lo mngcele ukuze abathengi baqonde ukuthi yibuphi ubufakazi obudingekayo ngaphambi kokuba isiphakamiso sezobuchwepheshe nesokuhweba sithembeke.
Lesi sihloko siyimfundo yezobuchwepheshe, hhayi isiqinisekiso sephrojekthi. Okokugcina, ukwelapha kwangaphambili, okokusebenza kanye nezinqumo zokusebenza zidinga umbiko omele abantu kanye nolwazi lwamanje olusemthethweni.
Ungawulungiselela kanjani umfushane wephrojekthi olungele izinqumo
Umfushane olungele isinqumo wehlukanisa amaqiniso akaliwe nokuqagelwa. Maka ukuthi yimiphi imiphumela eqhamuke elabhorethri, yiziphi amanani aqhamuke ethuluzini eliku-inthanethi nokuthi yiziphi izimo eziyizilinganiso. Faka amayunithi kanye nezinsuku zesampula. Uma isistimu ekhona ingasebenzi kahle, nikeza isisekelo sokuklama sangempela, ukufundwa kwamanje, umlando wokuhlanza kanye nedethi lapho ushintsho luvele khona okokuqala. Lokhu kuvimbela ingxoxo yezinto ezintsha ukuthi isekelwe enkingeni yokusebenza engaziwa.
Chaza ukuhlukahluka esikhundleni sokuthumela isilinganiso kuphela. Izinguquko zemithombo yesizini, imikhankaso yokukhiqiza, imicimbi yokuhlanza, isikhathi sokulondoloza, ukusebenza kokumiswa kokuqala kanye nokufunwa okuphezulu kungadalula ulwelwesi ezimeni ezingekho kusampula eyodwa. Ububanzi busiza ithimba lezobuchwepheshe libone ukuthi iziphi izingozi ezidinga ukwelashwa kusengaphambili, ukugadwa, ukunganakwa noma ukuhlola okwengeziwe ngaphambi kokuqinisekiswa kokunikezwa kwezinto.
Ulwazi lwezisetshenziswa kufanele lubonise ukuthi ulwelwesi lungena kanjani ohlelweni oluphelele. Imininingwane ewusizo ihlanganisa umdwebo olula wokugeleza, ulwazi lwephampu nolwazi lwezindlu, ukulandelana kwesihlungi, amathuluzi atholakalayo, ukuhlelwa kokuhlanza nezithombe zokuxhunywa okukhona. Lokhu akuceli ikhasimende ukuthi lidizayine isisombululo. Inikeza Yuchen Water umongo owanele ukuze ugweme ukuncoma umsebenzi ongqubuzana nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezifakiwe.
Isincomo sokugcina kufanele sisho ubufakazi obusetshenzisiwe, ukungaqiniseki okusele kanye nesinyathelo esilandelayo sokuqinisekisa. Ingase ihlonze isigaba se-membrane kuqala bese ihlehlisa okubalulekile kuze kuqedwe ukuhlaziya noma ukuhlola. Le ndlela yesiteji isekela izinqumo ezingcono zokuthenga, izingcaphuno ezicacile kanye nohlelo olusebenzayo lokubuyisela esikhundleni sokukhetha kulebula yomkhiqizo ngaphambi kokuba kuqondwe amanzi nomsebenzi.
Ngemva kokunikezwa, amarekhodi okusebenza adala ubufakazi bokusekelwa kwesikhathi esizayo. Ukufundwa kwamanzi okuphakelayo namanzi omkhiqizo, izitayela zengcindezi, imicimbi yokuhlanza, izinguquko zokuhlunga nokuvalwa okungavamile kusiza ukuhlukanisa ukuguga okuvamile nezinkinga zokwelashwa kusengaphambili noma zokusebenza. Isiqondiso sokusebenzisa isilawuli kude nokuhlelwa kokumiselela kuba usizo kakhulu lapho ikhasimende ligcina irekhodi elilula, elingaguquki lale mibandela.
Isicelo sezentengiso kufanele silandele isinqumo sobuchwepheshe kunokusihola. Ubuningi, isikhathi sokudiliva kanye nemibhalo esekelayo kungaxoxwa ngayo kusenesikhathi, kodwa akuthathi indawo yokuqinisekiswa komthombo, okuhlosiwe kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo semishini. Isisekelo sobuchwepheshe esicacile sinciphisa ubungozi bokucaphuna isigaba esingafanele futhi senza ukuxhumana kamuva mayelana nezinto ezisele nokugcinwa kucace kakhudlwana.
Uma uqhathanisa iziphakamiso zabahlinzeki, hlola ukuthi isincomo ngasinye sisho izimo zakho zokuphakelayo ezicatshangwayo kanye nenhloso yokwelashwa. Ukucindezela kwesihloko esiphansi, igama lesigaba esibanzi noma isitatimende esinikeza ithemba akubonisi ukufaneleka okungcono. Iziphakamiso eziqhathanisekayo kufanele zisebenzise umbiko ofanayo, izinga lokushisa, ishejuli yokusebenza kanye nenjongo yamanzi omkhiqizo, ngamavelu angasekelwe ahlukaniswe ngokucacile namaqiniso aqinisekisiwe.
Ireferensi esemthethweni
Isixhumanisi esisemthethweni sinikezwe njengereferensi eyinhloko yezigaba zamanje zolwelwesi kanye nemibhalo. Ulwazi lomkhiqizo lungashintsha, ngakho-ke okubalulekile kanye nedokhumenti esemthethweni yamanje kuqinisekiswa ngesikhathi sokubuyekezwa kobuchwepheshe.
Vontron usawoti omningi osemthethweni kanye ZLD-ukubuka konke kolwelwesi oluhlobene →Imihlahlandlela yolwazi ehlobene
Qhubeka nesikhungo solwazi se-membrane ukuze uthole ezinye izindlela zomthombo wamanzi nezindlela zokufaka isicelo, noma uthumele umbiko lapho inhloso yokwelapha isichaziwe kakade. Izixhumanisi zangaphakathi zixhuma isihloko sobuchwepheshe emakhasini afanele asekela izisetshenziswa ngaphandle kokushintsha okuqukethwe kwezemfundo kube ikhathalogi yamamodeli.