Impendulo eqondile
Ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwamanzi angcolile ezimbonini kufanele kuqale ngomsuka nokuhlukahluka kokusakaza, hhayi ngohlu lomkhiqizo we-membrane. UF inganciphisa imithwalo emisiwe kanye ne-colloidal, NF ingahlinzeka ngokuhlukaniswa kwezinhlobo ezincibilikisiwe, futhi RO ingasekela ukuncishiswa kukasawoti okuncibilikisiwe okubanzi. Iphrojekthi ingase ihlanganise lezi zigaba, kodwa kuphela ngemva kokuba izinto eziphilayo, amafutha, izinsimbi, ubulukhuni, i-silica, ama-oxidants, umsebenzi webhayoloji, i-pH, izinga lokushisa kanye nezithiyo zokuhlanza ziqondwa. Yuchen Water inikezela ngezinto zolwelwesi futhi ingasekela ingxoxo yesisetshenziswa esihlobene ngemva kokubuyekezwa kombiko wamanzi angcolile kanye nethagethi yokuphinda isetshenziswe.
Inkinga yomthengi okufanele ixazululwe
Amanzi angcolile ezimbonini akheke ngenqubo eyawadala. Amanzi okugeza, ukuphephuka kombhoshongo wokupholisa, amanzi angcolile acubungula ukudla, imifudlana yendwangu kanye nokungcola kwasefekthri okuxubile kungaba namafoulanti ahluke kakhulu kanye nokuhlukahluka. Isampula eyodwa yaselabhorethri ingase iphuthelwe imikhankaso yokukhiqiza, imicimbi yokuhlanza noma ukukhishwa ngengozi, ngakho umbiko kufanele uchaze kokubili izimo ezivamile neziphakeme.
Ikhwalithi yokusebenzisa kabusha kufanele ihlanganiswe nendawo oya kuyo. Amanzi abuyiselwe ekuwashweni, ekupholiseni, ekulungiseni kubhayela noma esinyathelweni sokukhiqiza esibucayi angadinga izilawuli ezahlukene. Umfushane wephrojekthi kufanele uchaze ukuthi amanzi ahlanzekile aya kuphi, yiziphi izici ezidala ubungozi lapho nokuthi kuzosingathwa kanjani ukugxilisa noma ukwenqaba imifudlana.
Bika izidingo
Umbiko owusizo uhlanganisa idatha yaselabhorethri nengqikithi yokusebenza. Amanani kufanele ahlonze iphoyinti lesampula, amayunithi, usuku lokuhlolwa kanye nokuthi amele izimo ezivamile, eziyisisekelo noma eziphezulu. Lapho ukusakaza kushintsha nesizini noma umsebenzi wokukhiqiza, nikeza ububanzi esikhundleni senani elilodwa elikahle.
- inqubo umsuka kanye nokuhlukaniswa kokusakaza
- ukugeleza okujwayelekile, okuphansi nokuphakeme
- TDS, conductivity, pH kanye nezinga lokushisa
- I-COD, i-TOC, amafutha, ama-surfactants nombala lapho kufanele khona
- i-turbidity, okuqinile okumisiwe kanye nezinkomba zebhayoloji
- ubulukhuni, i-alkalinity, i-silica, izinsimbi nama-ion enza isikali
- ama-oxidants, ama-solvents noma amakhemikhali okuhlanza
- sebenzisa kabusha okuhlosiwe, isikhathi sokusebenza, ukwelashwa okukhona kanye nezingqinamba zokugxilisa ingqondo
Ukuthi isigaba se-membrane sicatshangelwa kanjani
Isinqumo sesigaba kufanele sichaze ukuthi yini ulwelwesi okulindeleke ukuba luyigcine, yini engase idlule, iziphi izingozi okufanele zilawulwe phezulu nomfula kanye nokuthi inqubo yomfula idinga ini. Kufanele futhi ikhombe ukungaqiniseki kunokuguqula idatha engekho iyenze isimangalo somkhiqizo esiqinisekayo.
UF kuvame ukubhekwa njengesithiyo sezinhlayiya, ama-colloid kanye nezinto eziqinile zebhayoloji ngaphambi kwesiteji solwelwesi oluqinile. NF ingase ibe usizo lapho ukususwa okukhethiwe noma ukugcinwa kufeza injongo yokusebenzisa kabusha. RO ingase idingeke uma ukuncibilika kukasawoti kumaphakathi. Le ncazelo yokusebenza ayisho ukuthi wonke amanzi angcolile kufanele adlule kuzo zontathu izigaba.
Idizayini kufanele ibhekane nezinguquko kukhemistri yokudla kanye nemiphumela yokugxilisa ingqondo. Izinto ezibonakala zilawuleka kokuphakelayo zingaba nomkhawulo eduze kohlangothi lokugxilisa ingqondo. Ukuhlolwa komshayeli noma ukuhlaziya okwengeziwe kungase kulungele ukusakazwa okuyinkimbinkimbi. Isigaba solwelwesi, uhlelo lokulayisha nokuhlanza kufanele lulandele ubufakazi kunomdwebo ogelezayo wokusetshenziswa kabusha ojwayelekile.
Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kanye nengqikithi yesisetshenziswa
Ukwelashwa kusengaphambili kungabandakanya ukulinganisa, ukususwa kukawoyela, ukwelashwa kwebhayoloji, ukucaciswa, ukuhlungwa kwemidiya, ikhabhoni ecushiwe, UF, ukuthambisa, umthamo kanye nokuhlunga kwekhatriji. Ukuhleleka kuncike kuphrofayela engcolile kanye nolwelwesi olungezansi lomfula. Ukulinganisa nokulawula umthombo kungabaluleka njengobuchwepheshe bokuhlunga ngoba kunciphisa imithwalo yokushaqeka.
Amathuluzi kufanele abone okuguquguqukayo okungase kulimaze ulwelwesi noma ukuphazamisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ukufinyelela kokuhlanza, ukuhambisana kwamakhemikhali, ukugudluzwa kwamanzi kanye nezinqubo zokuvala shaqa okuphephile kumele zakhelwe eduze nomfudlana wangempela. Ukusekelwa kobuchwepheshe bemishini kungasiza ukufanisa amaphampu, izindlu, izilawuli kanye nezingxenye zokwelashwa kwangaphambili esigabeni esikhethiwe solwelwesi.
Amaphutha ajwayelekile
Lezi zinqamuleli zivame ukudala isicelo esingafanele noma zifihle ulwazi oludingwa ukubuyekezwa kobuchwepheshe:
- Kusetshenziswa isampula yokubamba eyodwa ukumela ukusakaza kwefekthri okuguquguqukayo
- Ukuhlanganisa imithombo yamanzi angcolile engahambelani ngaphambi kokubuyekeza ukuhlukaniswa
- Kucatshangwa ukuthi UF, NF kanye RO kufanele kusetshenziswe ndawonye ngaso sonke isikhathi
- Ukuziba ikhwalithi yokugxilisa ingqondo, amakhemikhali okuhlanza kanye nokuphazamiseka kokukhiqiza
Umngcele wokuhlinzekwa kwempahla kanye nokusekela
Yuchen Water ihlinzeka ngezinto zokwenziwa kwe-membrane futhi ihlinzeka ngosekelo lwemishini yokusebenza ngaphakathi kwedatha enikezwe ikhasimende. Inkampani ayithembisi inqubo yokusetshenziswa kabusha eqediwe, ukutakula, ukuguquguquka, impilo yonke noma umphumela wokuthobela ngaphambi kokubuyekezwa kokusakaza kanye nemvilophu yokusebenza.
Kuzinto eziphilayo ezinzima, izincibilikisi, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu noma ukusakazwa kokukhiqiza okushintsha ngokushesha, isincomo singadinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe noma ubufakazi bokuhlola. Ukusho ukuthi idatha eyengeziwe iyadingeka kuyingxenye yenqubo yokukhetha uchwepheshe, hhayi umkhawulo womkhiqizo okufanele ufihlwe.
Lesi sihloko siyimfundo yezobuchwepheshe, hhayi isiqinisekiso sephrojekthi. Okokugcina, ukwelapha kwangaphambili, okokusebenza kanye nezinqumo zokusebenza zidinga umbiko omele abantu kanye nolwazi lwamanje olusemthethweni.
Ungawulungiselela kanjani umfushane wephrojekthi olungele izinqumo
Umfushane olungele isinqumo wehlukanisa amaqiniso akaliwe nokuqagelwa. Maka ukuthi yimiphi imiphumela eqhamuke elabhorethri, yiziphi amanani aqhamuke ethuluzini eliku-inthanethi nokuthi yiziphi izimo eziyizilinganiso. Faka amayunithi kanye nezinsuku zesampula. Uma isistimu ekhona ingasebenzi kahle, nikeza isisekelo sokuklama sangempela, ukufundwa kwamanje, umlando wokuhlanza kanye nedethi lapho ushintsho luvele khona okokuqala. Lokhu kuvimbela ingxoxo yezinto ezintsha ukuthi isekelwe enkingeni yokusebenza engaziwa.
Chaza ukuhlukahluka esikhundleni sokuthumela isilinganiso kuphela. Izinguquko zemithombo yesizini, imikhankaso yokukhiqiza, imicimbi yokuhlanza, isikhathi sokulondoloza, ukusebenza kokumiswa kokuqala kanye nokufunwa okuphezulu kungadalula ulwelwesi ezimeni ezingekho kusampula eyodwa. Ububanzi busiza ithimba lezobuchwepheshe libone ukuthi iziphi izingozi ezidinga ukwelashwa kusengaphambili, ukugadwa, ukunganakwa noma ukuhlola okwengeziwe ngaphambi kokuqinisekiswa kokunikezwa kwezinto.
Ulwazi lwezisetshenziswa kufanele lubonise ukuthi ulwelwesi lungena kanjani ohlelweni oluphelele. Imininingwane ewusizo ihlanganisa umdwebo olula wokugeleza, ulwazi lwephampu nolwazi lwezindlu, ukulandelana kwesihlungi, amathuluzi atholakalayo, ukuhlelwa kokuhlanza nezithombe zokuxhunywa okukhona. Lokhu akuceli ikhasimende ukuthi lidizayine isisombululo. Inikeza Yuchen Water umongo owanele ukuze ugweme ukuncoma umsebenzi ongqubuzana nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezifakiwe.
Isincomo sokugcina kufanele sisho ubufakazi obusetshenzisiwe, ukungaqiniseki okusele kanye nesinyathelo esilandelayo sokuqinisekisa. Ingase ihlonze isigaba se-membrane kuqala bese ihlehlisa okubalulekile kuze kuqedwe ukuhlaziya noma ukuhlola. Le ndlela yesiteji isekela izinqumo ezingcono zokuthenga, izingcaphuno ezicacile kanye nohlelo olusebenzayo lokubuyisela esikhundleni sokukhetha kulebula yomkhiqizo ngaphambi kokuba kuqondwe amanzi nomsebenzi.
Ngemva kokunikezwa, amarekhodi okusebenza adala ubufakazi bokusekelwa kwesikhathi esizayo. Ukufundwa kwamanzi okuphakelayo namanzi omkhiqizo, izitayela zengcindezi, imicimbi yokuhlanza, izinguquko zokuhlunga nokuvalwa okungavamile kusiza ukuhlukanisa ukuguga okuvamile nezinkinga zokwelashwa kusengaphambili noma zokusebenza. Isiqondiso sokusebenzisa isilawuli kude nokuhlelwa kokumiselela kuba usizo kakhulu lapho ikhasimende ligcina irekhodi elilula, elingaguquki lale mibandela.
Isicelo sezentengiso kufanele silandele isinqumo sobuchwepheshe kunokusihola. Ubuningi, isikhathi sokudiliva kanye nemibhalo esekelayo kungaxoxwa ngayo kusenesikhathi, kodwa akuthathi indawo yokuqinisekiswa komthombo, okuhlosiwe kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo semishini. Isisekelo sobuchwepheshe esicacile sinciphisa ubungozi bokucaphuna isigaba esingafanele futhi senza ukuxhumana kamuva mayelana nezinto ezisele nokugcinwa kucace kakhudlwana.
Uma uqhathanisa iziphakamiso zabahlinzeki, hlola ukuthi isincomo ngasinye sisho izimo zakho zokuphakelayo ezicatshangwayo kanye nenhloso yokwelashwa. Ukucindezela kwesihloko esiphansi, igama lesigaba esibanzi noma isitatimende esinikeza ithemba akubonisi ukufaneleka okungcono. Iziphakamiso eziqhathanisekayo kufanele zisebenzise umbiko ofanayo, izinga lokushisa, ishejuli yokusebenza kanye nenjongo yamanzi omkhiqizo, ngamavelu angasekelwe ahlukaniswe ngokucacile namaqiniso aqinisekisiwe.
Ireferensi esemthethweni
Isixhumanisi esisemthethweni sinikezwe njengereferensi eyinhloko yezigaba zamanje zolwelwesi kanye nemibhalo. Ulwazi lomkhiqizo lungashintsha, ngakho-ke okubalulekile kanye nedokhumenti esemthethweni yamanje kuqinisekiswa ngesikhathi sokubuyekezwa kobuchwepheshe.
Vontron izigaba ezisemthethweni zolwelwesi lwezimboni →Imihlahlandlela yolwazi ehlobene
Qhubeka nesikhungo solwazi se-membrane ukuze uthole ezinye izindlela zomthombo wamanzi nezindlela zokufaka isicelo, noma uthumele umbiko lapho inhloso yokwelapha isichaziwe kakade. Izixhumanisi zangaphakathi zixhuma isihloko sobuchwepheshe emakhasini afanele asekela izisetshenziswa ngaphandle kokushintsha okuqukethwe kwezemfundo kube ikhathalogi yamamodeli.