Ungakhetha Kanjani Phakathi Kwe-RO, NF kanye UF Kumbiko Wamanzi

Inkinga yomthengi okufanele ixazululwe

Umbuzo wokuqala womthengi uvame ukuthi iyiphi i-membrane engcono kakhulu. Umbuzo owusizo kakhulu ukuthi yimuphi umsebenzi wokuhlukanisa iphrojekthi okufanele yenze. Amanzi amabili ane-conductivity efanayo angaziphatha ngendlela ehluke kakhulu lapho ubulukhuni, i-silica, insimbi, i-organics, ama-oxidants, okuqinile okumisiwe, izinga lokushisa noma umsebenzi webhayoloji ushintsha. Isigaba se-membrane esisebenza kahle kumthombo owodwa singase singafaneleki komunye umthombo ngisho nalapho ukugeleza okuqondiwe kubonakala kufana.

Inhloso yokwelashwa ibaluleke kakhulu njengokuphakelayo. Iphrojekthi yamanzi okuphuza, i-industrial rinse-water line, iphrojekthi yokusetshenziswa kabusha kwamanzi angcolile kanye nenqubo yokuhlukanisa impahla ingase idinge ibhalansi ehlukene phakathi kokususwa kokungcola, izingxenye ezigciniwe, ukubekezelelana kokuhlanza kanye nokuhambisana nomfula. Yuchen Water ngakho-ke iphatha okukhiphayo okuceliwe njengengxenye yombhalo ophelele wezobuchwepheshe esikhundleni njengesinqamuleli sento ethile ye-membrane.

Bika izidingo

Umbiko owusizo uhlanganisa idatha yaselabhorethri nengqikithi yokusebenza. Amanani kufanele ahlonze iphoyinti lesampula, amayunithi, usuku lokuhlolwa kanye nokuthi amele izimo ezivamile, eziyisisekelo noma eziphezulu. Lapho ukusakaza kushintsha nesizini noma umsebenzi wokukhiqiza, nikeza ububanzi esikhundleni senani elilodwa elikahle.

• ubunikazi bamanzi omthombo noma uketshezi lwenqubo
• I-TDS noma i-conductivity kanye nephrofayili ye-major-ion
• i-turbidity, okuqinile okumisiwe kanye nezinkomba ezingcolile
• ubulukhuni, i-alkalinity, i-silica, insimbi ne-manganese
• ulwazi lwe-organic, microbiological kanye ne-oxidant
• i-pH, izinga lokushisa nokuhlukahluka okulindelekile
• izinga lomkhiqizo-amanzi eliqondiwe kanye nokuphumayo okudingekayo
• amahora okusebenza, imikhawulo ekhona yokwelapha neyokuhlanza

Ukuthi isigaba se-membrane sicatshangelwa kanjani

Isinqumo sesigaba kufanele sichaze ukuthi yini ulwelwesi okulindeleke ukuba luyigcine, yini engase idlule, iziphi izingozi okufanele zilawulwe phezulu nomfula kanye nokuthi inqubo yomfula idinga ini. Kufanele futhi ikhombe ukungaqiniseki kunokuguqula idatha engekho iyenze isimangalo somkhiqizo esiqinisekayo.

UF ivame ukucatshangelwa lapho umsebenzi oyinhloko kuwukugcina okuqinile okumisiwe, ama-colloid, amagciwane noma impahla enesisindo esikhulu samangqamuzana kuyilapho usawoti oncibilikisiwe usala kakhulu. NF ihlala phakathi kuka-UF kanye RO futhi ingaba usizo lapho i-ion ekhethiwe noma ukuhlukaniswa kwe-organic kubaluleke kakhulu kunokukhipha usawoti emanzini okubanzi. RO ivamise ukucatshangelwa uma iphrojekthi idinga ukuncishiswa kukasawoti omningi noma ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu. Lena imingcele yokusebenza, hhayi izithembiso zokusebenza zokusakaza okuthile.

Isistimu enesiteji ingase isebenzise isigaba solwelwesi esingaphezu kwesisodwa. UF ingavikela umfula ongezansi NF noma RO, kuyilapho NF ingase iguqule umthwalo owethulwe esinyathelweni RO sakamuva. Ukuthi lelo lungiselelo lifanelekile yini kuncike embikweni, inhloso yokutakula, ukuphatha okugxilile, isu lokuhlanza kanye nezingqinamba zemishini. Ukulandelana kufanele kuhlolwe njengohlelo kunokuba kubhekwe njengemikhiqizo yolwelwesi ehlukanisiwe.

Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kanye nengqikithi yesisetshenziswa

Ukwelapha kusengaphambili kufanele kulawule izingozi eziphawulwe embikweni ngaphambi kokuba ukusakaza kufinyelele kulwelwesi. Kuye ngomthombo, ingxoxo ingase ihlanganise ukuhlolwa, ukucaciswa, ukuhlunga kwemidiya, ikhabhoni ecushiwe, ukuthambisa, ukudosa, ukuhlungwa kwekhatriji, UF noma ukulawula kwebhayoloji. Asikho isitimela esisodwa se-pretreatment esisebenza emhlabeni wonke, futhi ukungeza izigaba eziningi ngaphandle kwengozi echaziwe akuthuthukisi iphrojekthi ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Ukuchayeka kwe-oxidant, ukulayishwa kwezinhlayiyana, izinhlobo ezakha isikali kanye nokufinyelela kokuhlanza kufanele ukubuyekezwa okucacile. Isigaba se-membrane kufanele sihambisane namakhemikhali okuhlanza ahleliwe, izinga lokushisa kanye nephethini yokuvala shaqa. Ukusebenza okuzinzile kuvela ekufaniseni impahla ye-membrane, ukwelashwa kusengaphambili, i-instrumentation kanye nohlelo lokunakekela nesethi efanayo yamaqiniso ephrojekthi.

Amaphutha ajwayelekile

Lezi zinqamuleli zivame ukudala isicelo esingafanele noma zifihle ulwazi oludingwa ukubuyekezwa kobuchwepheshe:

• Ukukhetha kusukela kungcindezi noma ulimi losayizi wembotshana ngaphandle kokuchaza okuqondiwe kokwelashwa
• Ukusebenzisa i-TDS iyodwa njengombiko wamanzi ophelele
• Ukuthatha isigaba esisodwa se-membrane kususa konke ukungcola
• Ukuziba ukuphathwa kwe-concentrate, ukuhlanza ukufinyelela noma ukuhluka kokuphakelayo

Umngcele wokuhlinzekwa kwempahla kanye nokusekela

Yuchen Water ngokuyinhloko ihlinzeka ngezinto zokwakha ze-membrane futhi ingasekela ingxoxo yesisetshenziswa mayelana nokwelashwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, izindlu, amaphampu, ukuhlunga, izilawuli, isiqondiso sokugunyaza kanye nokuhlela okunye. Isincomo siba okokugcina kuphela ngemva kokuba umbiko otholakalayo, ukusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe kanye nolwazi lolwelwesi olusemthethweni sekubuyekezwe ndawonye.

Uma ikhasimende linedatha eyingxenye kuphela, ithimba linganikeza inkombandlela yeleveli yesigaba sokuqala futhi likhombe izivivinyo ezingekho. Leso siqondiso sokuqala akukhona ukuzibophezela kokubalulekile kokugcina, ukuguquguquka, ukutakula, impilo yesevisi noma umphumela wohlelo oluphelile. Umbiko wamanje kanye nemvilophu yokusebenza eqinisekisiwe ihlala iyisisekelo sekhotheshini nesincomo sobuchwepheshe.

Lesi sihloko siyimfundo yezobuchwepheshe, hhayi isiqinisekiso sephrojekthi. Okokugcina, ukwelapha kwangaphambili, okokusebenza kanye nezinqumo zokusebenza zidinga umbiko omele abantu kanye nolwazi lwamanje olusemthethweni.

Ungawulungiselela kanjani umfushane wephrojekthi olungele izinqumo

Umfushane olungele isinqumo wehlukanisa amaqiniso akaliwe nokuqagelwa. Maka ukuthi yimiphi imiphumela eqhamuke elabhorethri, yiziphi amanani aqhamuke ethuluzini eliku-inthanethi nokuthi yiziphi izimo eziyizilinganiso. Faka amayunithi kanye nezinsuku zesampula. Uma isistimu ekhona ingasebenzi kahle, nikeza isisekelo sokuklama sangempela, ukufundwa kwamanje, umlando wokuhlanza kanye nedethi lapho ushintsho luvele khona okokuqala. Lokhu kuvimbela ingxoxo yezinto ezintsha ukuthi isekelwe enkingeni yokusebenza engaziwa.

Chaza ukuhlukahluka esikhundleni sokuthumela isilinganiso kuphela. Izinguquko zemithombo yesizini, imikhankaso yokukhiqiza, imicimbi yokuhlanza, isikhathi sokulondoloza, ukusebenza kokumiswa kokuqala kanye nokufunwa okuphezulu kungadalula ulwelwesi ezimeni ezingekho kusampula eyodwa. Ububanzi busiza ithimba lezobuchwepheshe libone ukuthi iziphi izingozi ezidinga ukwelashwa kusengaphambili, ukugadwa, ukunganakwa noma ukuhlola okwengeziwe ngaphambi kokuqinisekiswa kokunikezwa kwezinto.

Ulwazi lwezisetshenziswa kufanele lubonise ukuthi ulwelwesi lungena kanjani ohlelweni oluphelele. Imininingwane ewusizo ihlanganisa umdwebo olula wokugeleza, ulwazi lwephampu nolwazi lwezindlu, ukulandelana kwesihlungi, amathuluzi atholakalayo, ukuhlelwa kokuhlanza nezithombe zokuxhunywa okukhona. Lokhu akuceli ikhasimende ukuthi lidizayine isisombululo. Inikeza Yuchen Water umongo owanele ukuze ugweme ukuncoma umsebenzi ongqubuzana nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezifakiwe.

Isincomo sokugcina kufanele sisho ubufakazi obusetshenzisiwe, ukungaqiniseki okusele kanye nesinyathelo esilandelayo sokuqinisekisa. Ingase ihlonze isigaba se-membrane kuqala bese ihlehlisa okubalulekile kuze kuqedwe ukuhlaziya noma ukuhlola. Le ndlela yesiteji isekela izinqumo ezingcono zokuthenga, izingcaphuno ezicacile kanye nohlelo olusebenzayo lokubuyisela esikhundleni sokukhetha kulebula yomkhiqizo ngaphambi kokuba kuqondwe amanzi nomsebenzi.

Ngemva kokunikezwa, amarekhodi okusebenza adala ubufakazi bokusekelwa kwesikhathi esizayo. Ukufundwa kwamanzi okuphakelayo namanzi omkhiqizo, izitayela zengcindezi, imicimbi yokuhlanza, izinguquko zokuhlunga nokuvalwa okungavamile kusiza ukuhlukanisa ukuguga okuvamile nezinkinga zokwelashwa kusengaphambili noma zokusebenza. Isiqondiso sokusebenzisa isilawuli kude nokuhlelwa kokumiselela kuba usizo kakhulu lapho ikhasimende ligcina irekhodi elilula, elingaguquki lale mibandela.

Isicelo sezentengiso kufanele silandele isinqumo sobuchwepheshe kunokusihola. Ubuningi, isikhathi sokudiliva kanye nemibhalo esekelayo kungaxoxwa ngayo kusenesikhathi, kodwa akuthathi indawo yokuqinisekiswa komthombo, okuhlosiwe kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo semishini. Isisekelo sobuchwepheshe esicacile sinciphisa ubungozi bokucaphuna isigaba esingafanele futhi senza ukuxhumana kamuva mayelana nezinto ezisele nokugcinwa kucace kakhudlwana.

Uma uqhathanisa iziphakamiso zabahlinzeki, hlola ukuthi isincomo ngasinye sisho izimo zakho zokuphakelayo ezicatshangwayo kanye nenhloso yokwelashwa. Ukucindezela kwesihloko esiphansi, igama lesigaba esibanzi noma isitatimende esinikeza ithemba akubonisi ukufaneleka okungcono. Iziphakamiso eziqhathanisekayo kufanele zisebenzise umbiko ofanayo, izinga lokushisa, ishejuli yokusebenza kanye nenjongo yamanzi omkhiqizo, ngamavelu angasekelwe ahlukaniswe ngokucacile namaqiniso aqinisekisiwe.

Imihlahlandlela yolwazi ehlobene

Qhubeka nesikhungo solwazi se-membrane ukuze uthole ezinye izindlela zomthombo wamanzi nezindlela zokufaka isicelo, noma uthumele umbiko lapho inhloso yokwelapha isichaziwe kakade. Izixhumanisi zangaphakathi zixhuma isihloko sobuchwepheshe emakhasini afanele asekela izisetshenziswa ngaphandle kokushintsha okuqukethwe kwezemfundo kube ikhathalogi yamamodeli.